Graphene's long record of achievements is a bit of longer at this time, as researchers from Rice University have used the material to make a bacterial Zappify Bug Zapper zapper. A form of the material called laser-induced graphene (LIG) has previously been discovered to be antibacterial, and now the staff has discovered that those properties will be kicked up a notch by adding just a few volts of electricity. The Rice workforce, headed up by Professor James Tour, first created LIG in 2014 through the use of a laser beam to etch patterns right into a sheet of polyimide. That churns up the material right into a porous graphene foam, which has been discovered to be efficient at stopping microbes from building up on its surface. To additional check LIG's micro organism-blasting skills, the researchers took a sheet of polyimide and used a laser to show half of the surface into LIG. The material was then positioned in an answer full of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, and a small charge was run by way of the LIG electrodes.
At 1.1 volts, the bacteria, which had been fluorescently tagged so the researchers may see them clearly, were drawn to the LIG anode and moved towards it, like a bug zapper. At 1.5 volts, the bacteria that came into contact with the LIG had been killed inside 30 seconds, and when the juice was cranked up to 2.5 volts, it only took one second for them to disappear almost entirely. And because LIG is already a good antifouling material, the useless bugs do not accumulate on its floor. Next up, the researchers examined the fabric as a water-purification method, leaving these LIG electrodes in a solution of micro organism and partially-treated wastewater. After 9 hours at 2.5 volts, the zapper had killed 99.9 percent of the bugs, without forming much of a biofilm on the floor. The scientists aren't positive exactly what's killing the bacteria, but the scenario they suspect sounds pretty grotesque. First the sharp edges of the graphene pierce their cell membranes, then the charge electrocutes them, and any remaining survivors are then quickly poisoned by the hydrogen peroxide that is created in the process.
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